ROBERT N. CARROW is Professor of Crop and Soil Science at University of Georgia. His degrees are from Michigan State University (B.S. in 1968; Ph.D. in 1972). He has held research and teaching position in turfgrass science at the University of Massachusetts (1972-1976) and University of Georgia(1984-present). Dr. Carrow has concentrated his research position at the (a) soil chemical (nutrients, ... Read moreacidity, salinity) and soil physical (compaction, oxygen, drought) stresses, and (b) traffic stresses (compaction, wear) on turfgrass. He has served in many professional turfgrass manager and scientific society responsibilities. Dr. Carrow is a Fellow of the American Society of Agronomy and is Vice President of the International Turfgrass Society. DONALD V. WADDINGTON is Professor Emeritus of Soil Science at Pennsylvania State University. He received his Ph.D. from the University of Massachusetts in 1964, and M.S. from Rutgers University in 1960, and a B.S. from Penn State in 1953. Following graduation he served for 2 years in the U.S. Army, and worked in the fertilizer industry for 2 years. He taught and conducted research in turfgrass programs at the University of Massachusetts (1960-1965) and at Penn State (1965-1991). He continued his activities for several years following retirement. He served as visiting scientist and taught in the turfgrass management program at Mississippi State University during the spring semester in 1997 through 2000. He has conducted research dealing with soil-related problems on turfgrass areas. Topics included N-source evaluation, soil test calibration, soil modifications and playing surface characteristics of sports fields. His teaching assignments have included courses in beginning soils, soil physics, soil physical properties on turf, turfgrass nutrition, weed control in turf, and turfgrass management. He has served in many turfgrass industry and professional society offices and committees. His contributions have been recognized by various awards and honors including Fellow in the American Society of Agronomy, the Fred V. Grau Turfgrass Science Award from the Crop Science Society of America, and the Dr. William H. Daniel Founders Award from the Sports Turf Managers Association. PAUL E. RIEKE is Professor Emeritus of Crop and Soil Sciences Michigan State University. His degree are Ph.D. from Michigan State University in 1963, and M.S. and B.S. from the University of Illinois in 1958 and 1956, respectively. He joined the faculty at M.S.U. in 1963 and retired in 1999. His research program has concentrated on cultivation, topdressing, and fertilization of turfgrasses. For 20 years he coordinated the turfgrass extension program at M.S.U. His teaching included courses in beginning soils, soil management, and turfgrass soil management, the latter having been taught to over 1600 students. Dr. Rieke has served the turf industry and professional societies in a number of capacities. Among recognitions for Dr. Rieke's contribution as a turfgrass scientist are: Fellow of the Crop Science Society of America; Green Section Award and Piper and Oakley Award from the U.S. Gold Association; Distinguished Service Award from the Gold Course Superintendents Association of America; and Honorary Membership in Turfgrass Producers International. Show Less