The basic principle of electron crystallography is to calculate a 3D density map by combining the amplitudes obtained from electron diffraction patterns with the experimental phases calculated from images of two-dimensional crystals of membrane or soluble proteins. This technology is very well developed and has produced a number of atomic models of membrane proteins in a lipid environment.  Focused on comprehensive experimental protocols, Electron Crystallography of Soluble and Membrane Proteins: Methods and Protocols covers the entire range of techniques used in electron crystallography, including protein sample preparation, 2D crystallization, and screening in negative stain over electron cryo-microscopy (cryo-EM) and data ... Read moreprocessing, as well as modeling of conformational changes. Additional chapters provide perspective on past, present, and future challenges as well as complementary methods.  Written for the popular Methods in Molecular Biology™ series, the work contains the kind of detailed descriptions and implementation advice necessary to ensure successful results.