Jody Crane, MD, MBA is an emergency physician practicing at Mary Washington Hospital in Fredericksburg, VA. He divides his time between clinical Emergency Department practice and serving as the business director of his group, Fredericksburg Emergency Medical Alliance. In 2004, he graduated from the Physician Executive MBA Program (PEMBA) at the University of Tennessee where he is currently an Adjunct Professor teaching physician-led lean healthcare operations improvement. His work focuses on innovative approaches to Emergency Department and hospital-wide operational and lean patient flow improvement, specifically addressing the application of lean manufacturing concepts within the healthcare environment. He currently teaches Lean Healthcare courses for the University of Tennessee Center for Executive Education. He is also a faculty member of the Institute for Healthcare Improvement's Collaborative, "Operational Improvement in the Emergency Department."  Chuck Noon, PhD is a professor in the Department of Statistics, Operations, and Management Science at the University of Tennessee. he is a founding member of the highly-ranked Physician Executive MBA program and continues to teach in the program. Dr. Noon also teaches in the full-time MBA program, the PhD program, and in a number of executive education programs. His teaching interests include operational improvement, business modeling, simulation, and decision analysis and support. He holds a PhD in industrial and operations engineering from the University of Michigan. His published research concerns computer-based modeling and process improvement. He is the recipient of numerous teaching awards and serves as a teaching mentor for junior faculty. To stay current, he periodically consults with healthcare systems on process improvement, capacity planning, and staff scheduling.