Bananas are a major staple food for millions of people in the world, especially in tropical regions. At the end of 20th century, the export sector of bananas has shown a great dynamism and has undergone important structural changes because of the challenges associated with successive reforms of the European Union (EU), Banana Regime and World Trade Organization (WTO). Bananas are a valuable nutritional source of vitamin A, B6 and C. Bananas have important medicinal uses because they are used to treat gastric ulcer and diarrhoea and help to reduce stress and anxiety. Moreover, they are reckoned useful for cancer prevention and heart diseases. Bananas are a good source of energy and their high potassium content assist the brain for better functioning. This book presents and discusses the nutritional qualities and medical uses of bananas.