Microbial Biotechnology encompasses a broad array of disciplines, including recombinant DNA techniques, cloning, and the utilization of microorganisms for the production of various goods, ranging from food to pharmaceuticals. This book has been designed to offer a comprehensive overview of the vast subject matter of microbial biotechnology, with a focus on topics such as bioinformatics tools for PCR primer design, fungal biotransformations, bioremediation through microbial processes, natural products derived from fungi, and microbial diversity. Additionally, the book also covers the role of bacterial plasmids in xenobiotic degradation, antimicrobial resistance in bacteria, the effects of ultraviolet-B radiation on microorganisms and human health, making it an invaluable resource for researchers, biologists, microbiologists, scientists, postgraduate students in the fields of microbiology, agriculture, biotechnology, and medical science.